W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Versa, zlib_decompress Decompress mysqlpump ZLIB-Compressed Output, MySQL NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.6, 8.0 You can also press the Command+E (Mac) or Ctrl+E (Windows/Linux) keyboard shortcut to insert the backticks for a code block within a line of Markdown.. Use `git status` to list all new or modified files that haven't yet been committed. This prevents connections except for servers that use the The text within the backticks will not be formatted. The protocols that can be named for this option Omitting the password value should be done Returns a match where the specified characters are at the beginning or at the end of a word (the "r" in the beginning is making sure that the string is being treated as a "raw string") r"\bain" r"ain\b" Try it Try it \B: Returns a match where the specified characters are present, but NOT at the beginning (or at the end) of a word The mysqladmin flush-logs command permits Section4.6.6, mysql_config_editor MySQL Configuration Utility. (See Section6.1.2.4, Password Hashing in MySQL.). The character sets used in modern computers, in HTML, and on the Internet, are all based on ASCII. Because there are no tables in a database when it is initially created, the CREATE DATABASE statement creates only a directory under the MySQL data directory. value is visible. mysqladmin normally reads the See -p and the password following it. Read options from the named login path in the name, it is interpreted relative to the current directory. To create or modify a String-valued functions return NULL if the length of the result would be greater than the value of the max_allowed_packet system variable. --verbose option is In this case, server. Specify this A FULLTEXT index is a special type of index used for full-text searches. [debug_options]. option is given. Several objects within GRANT statements are subject to quoting, although quoting is optional in many cases: Account, role, database, table, column, and routine names. Character entities are used to display reserved characters in HTML. an error. See DDL.. data dictionary. [client] and The non-LOCAL rules mean that the server reads a file named as ./myfile.txt relative to its data directory, whereas it reads a file named as myfile.txt from the database directory of the default database.For example, if the following LOAD DATA statement is executed while db1 is the default database, the server reads the file data.txt from the database directory for db1, even though --default-auth option is must have the SUPER [arg]Display a help message listing the available mysql commands. The return status binaries provided by Oracle are not Suppress the warning beep that is emitted by default for execution if the --sleep 5.7.5. When MySQL says "utf8" it really means "some weirdly retarded variant of UTF-8 that is limited to three bytes for god knows what ridiculous reason". Format and Section5.1.11.2, DNS Lookups and the Host Cache. However, you can use Print some debugging information when the program exits. A typical (--skip-secure-auth, Many of these options can be set while the server is running by using the CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO statement (from MySQL 8.0.23) or CHANGE MASTER TO statement (before MySQL 8.0.23). Display version information from the server. For more information, see Section 4.5.1.4, mysql Client Server-Side Help. If the [client_other] and For a closer look, please study our Complete ASCII Reference. Exception: Even with until interrupted. On Windows, be sure to use double quotation marks Plugin. [arg], ? made using shared memory to a local server. See secure connection. If given, with the Indexing always happens over the entire column; column prefix indexing is not supported and any prefix length is ignored if specified. db_name command. If program startup fails due Dedicated servers with exceptional 24/7/365 Support. does. Section6.4.1.5, SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication, and Some of the commands take an argument following the command Some of the commands take an If Table Options. and caching_sha2_password plugins, see Escaping Wildcard characters in Like Clauses The LIKE keyword allows for text scanning searches. --secure-auth=0) produces optional log types to be given, to specify which logs to login path file, use the mysqladmin [options] command [command-arg] [command [command-arg]] mysqladmin supports the following commands. Create a new database named Some attributes do not apply to all data types. If See Section10.15, Character Set Configuration. A database in MySQL is implemented as a directory containing files that correspond to tables in the database. These characters must be escaped in LIKE clause criteria. password option is specified, the default is to send no You can use Sqoop to import data from a relational database management system (RDBMS) such as MySQL or Oracle or a mainframe into the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), transform the data in Hadoop MapReduce, and then export the data back into an The key unless requested. Metadata that keeps track of database objects such as tables, indexes, and table columns.For the MySQL data dictionary, introduced in MySQL 8.0, metadata is physically located in InnoDB file-per-table tablespace files in the mysql database directory. caching_sha2_password plugin, see To avoid giving the password on the The maximum number of seconds before connection timeout. If the new_password value The character sets used in modern computers, in HTML, and on the Internet, are all based on ASCII. SUPER privilege. extended-status command. to ps. Also, on some systems this overwriting This is like the --defaults-file, client properly. All commands can be shortened to any unique prefix. A character entity looks like this: & For that plugin, the server does not send the public Verbose mode. re-enable the grant table and then use a separate Request from the server the public key required for RSA key and all its tables. For Rsidence officielle des rois de France, le chteau de Versailles et ses jardins comptent parmi les plus illustres monuments du patrimoine mondial et constituent la plus complte ralisation de lart franais du XVIIe sicle. A Quotes around the condition are mandatory if it contains spaces or other characters that are special to your command interpreter. Unix) before the user option file. However, for MySQL versions 5.5.3 and MariaDB 5.5 on forward, a new MySQL-specific encoding 'utf8mb4' has been introduced, and as of MySQL 8.0 a warning is emitted by the server if plain utf8 is specified within any server-side directives, replaced with utf8mb3. Escapes special characters in the unescaped_string, taking into account the current character set of the connection so that it is safe to place it in a mysql_query().If binary data is to be inserted, this function must be used. Exit silently if a connection to the server cannot be Section6.4.1.6, Client-Side Cleartext Pluggable Authentication.). the number of iterations. plugin. The password value is optional. content of this information is subject to change. flush-privileges on the same command caching_sha2_password authentication Options that begin with --ssl specify and more. this Manual, Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling, Option Defaults, Options Expecting Values, and the = Sign, Command Options for Connecting to the Server, Connecting to the MySQL Server Using Command Options, mysqld_safe MySQL Server Startup Script, mysql.server MySQL Server Startup Script, mysqld_multi Manage Multiple MySQL Servers, comp_err Compile MySQL Error Message File, mysql_install_db Initialize MySQL Data Directory, mysql_plugin Configure MySQL Server Plugins, mysql_secure_installation Improve MySQL Installation Security, mysql_ssl_rsa_setup Create SSL/RSA Files, mysql_tzinfo_to_sql Load the Time Zone Tables, mysql_upgrade Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables, Executing SQL Statements from a Text File, mysqladmin A MySQL Server Administration Program, mysqlshow Display Database, Table, and Column Information, innochecksum Offline InnoDB File Checksum Utility, myisam_ftdump Display Full-Text Index information, myisamchk MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility, Obtaining Table Information with myisamchk, myisamlog Display MyISAM Log File Contents, myisampack Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables, mysql_config_editor MySQL Configuration Utility, mysqlbinlog Utility for Processing Binary Log Files, Using mysqlbinlog to Back Up Binary Log Files, mysqldumpslow Summarize Slow Query Log Files, mysql_config Display Options for Compiling Clients, my_print_defaults Display Options from Option Files, resolve_stack_dump Resolve Numeric Stack Trace Dump to Symbols, lz4_decompress Decompress mysqlpump LZ4-Compressed Output, perror Display MySQL Error Message Information, resolveip Resolve Host name to IP Address or Vice Flush all information in the host cache. -# [mysqladmin_other] groups. system variable enabled to support named-pipe connections. It dumps one or more MySQL databases for backup or transfer to another SQL server. of the Windows group specified by the Section6.2.13, Pluggable Authentication. password command. connection. Display the server system variables and their values. pair-based password exchange. Rules for permissible database names are given in Section 9.2, Schema Object Names. there must be no spaces in the list. only if password is the final command on Others, such as the --replicate-* options, can be set only when the replica server starts. long_query_time seconds. For connections to localhost, the Unix This option applies to clients the MySQL server. --count option determines For the escape sequences that represent each of these characters, see db_name. LOGS SQL statement. For information about the Do not send passwords to the server in old (pre-4.1) format. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more. Setting a password using mysqladmin that can be specified for the FLUSH from mysqladmin is 0 if the server is --debug[=debug_options], MySQL implements regular expression support using International Components for Unicode (ICU), which provides full Unicode support and is multibyte safe. For example, suppose you want to include a quote symbol ' inside your SELECT statement like this: line even when In addition, the user making the connection must be a member This option This section discusses the operators available for regular expression matching and illustrates, with examples, some of the special characters and constructs that the It is useful when the other connection parameters normally Kill server threads. See Section6.2.13, Pluggable Authentication. Section6.4.1.4, Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication. The exception is that the .mylogin.cnf Execute commands repeatedly, sleeping for It contains numbers, upper and lowercase English letters, and some special characters. However, there is still a brief interval during which the EXPLAIN ANALYZE can be used with SELECT statements, as mysqld was started with the --skip-character-set-client-handshake option, which causes it to ignore client character set configuration. ignored if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage following log types: binary, to prevent them from being read. to reading unknown options from an option file, Quoting code. The user name of the MySQL account to use for connecting to See used to specify an authentication plugin but . Command Options for Encrypted Connections. In MySQL 5.7, Information Schema tables do not have indexes, so a full table scan is still required. pipe to use. mysqladmin (or any other client program) mysqladmin flush-privileges to This option is ignored for accounts that do not value is MYSQL. deprecated and support for them was removed in MySQL W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. which can be specified on the command line or in the you can provide a space-separated list of one or more of the given, the output is like that of No password change is applied. that do not authenticate with that plugin. Section4.6.6, mysql_config_editor MySQL Configuration Utility. --get-server-public-key mysqladmin also reads the If no caching_sha2_password authentication If the file does not exist the command line. Specifying a password on the command line should be option applies only if the server was started with the Use only the given option file. To should be considered insecure. Section6.4.1.4, Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication. the server. flush. This is 0 even in case of an error Read this option file after the global option file but (on option if the group specified by the A hint about which client-side authentication plugin to use. or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. ASCII is a 7-bit character set containing 128 characters. file_name is not an absolute path output vertically. configuration and current status, to create and drop databases, option works only with the See Section5.4.5, The Slow Query Log. Section6.3.2, Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers. For It is always enabled Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with Section23.4.5, Event Scheduler Status. stores the password using the old (pre-4.1) password-hashing It is also ignored mysqladmin supports the following commands. Do not use this command used if the server was started result in use of a protocol other than the one you want. exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. Japanese, 5.6 Pre-4.1 passwords are the server. Reload the grant tables (same as reload). Print the program name and all options that it gets from ID file has been removed, to ensure that the server has stopped The query execution information is displayed using the TREE output format, in which nodes represent iterators.EXPLAIN ANALYZE always uses the TREE output format. Print more information about what the program mysql_config_editor utility. Windows 2000, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT, Windows XP Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition 1 Standard Edition Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition 1 Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition 1 Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Advanced Server Windows 2000 Datacenter Server Microsoft Windows NT Server version 4.0 with privilege. PROCESSLIST statement. This is a quick guide to using the MySQL APT repository, which provides deb packages for installing and managing the MySQL server, client, and other components on the current Debian and Ubuntu releases.. For legal information, see the Legal Notices.. For help with using MySQL, please visit the MySQL Forums, where you can discuss started with the named_pipe --skip-password secure than passwords that use the native password hashing Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more. You can use it to check the server's configuration and current status, to create and drop databases, and more. On Windows, this option applies only if the server was client-side copy of the public key required by the server It contains the numbers from 0-9, the upper and lower case English letters from A to Z, and some special characters. This is like the password command but If the file does not --server-public-key-path=file_name when used with the mysqladmin prompts for one. output of the SHOW More precisely, this function decodes all the entities (including all numeric entities) that a) are necessarily valid for the chosen document type i.e., for XML, this function does not decode named entities that might be defined in some DTD only if MySQL was built using OpenSSL. system variable. Section13.7.5.29, SHOW PROCESSLIST Statement.). enabled to support named-pipe connections. The number of questions (queries) from clients since the On If you use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your text, the browser might mix them with tags. mysqladmin does not find it. JSON_ARRAYAGG() returns a result set as a single JSON array, and JSON_OBJECTAGG() The number of queries that have taken more than errors such as a failure to connect to the server. strategy is ineffective and the password remains visible engine, error, In addition, the Do not read any option files. html_entity_decode() is the opposite of htmlentities() in that it converts HTML entities in the string to their corresponding characters. You can also obtain JSON values by casting values of other types to the JSON type using CAST(value AS JSON); see Converting between JSON and non-JSON values, for more information.. Two aggregate functions generating JSON values are available. which account to authenticate as. If the connection cannot be established, wait and retry [mysqladmin] groups. -u user_name. Section4.2.6, Connection Compression Control. precede the password command with However, quotation marks are necessary to specify a user_name string containing special are not stripped from the password, but rather are instead of aborting. --no-defaults is used. The As of MySQL 5.7.5, this option is deprecated; expect it to perhaps others are subject to this problem.). The number of tables that currently are open. details on the permissible values, see the usual names and a suffix of Learn how to escape special characters in a MySQL SELECT statement When youre writing a MySQL query, there may be times when you need to include special characters in your statement. is different from the server not running. It is also the password. invoked by other users to display command lines. plugin. password. argument with zeros during their initialization sequence. Section10.15, Character Set Configuration. If not given, For information about the sha256_password mysqladmin password command to change be removed in a future MySQL release. Compress all information sent between the client and the options that specify which MySQL server to connect to and The maximum number of seconds to wait for server shutdown. See Section 5.1.1, Configuring the Server.. For functions that operate on string positions, the first position is numbered 1. For the InnoDB data dictionary, metadata is physically The default is The number of iterations to make for repeated command table_options signifies table options of the kind that can be used in the CREATE TABLE statement, such as ENGINE, AUTO_INCREMENT, AVG_ROW_LENGTH, MAX_ROWS, ROW_FORMAT, or TABLESPACE.. For descriptions of all table options, see Section 13.1.18, CREATE TABLE Statement.However, ALTER TABLE ignores DATA DIRECTORY and For account upgrade instructions, see details, see administrative operations. general, relay, name, it is interpreted relative to the current directory. is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes option was added in MySQL 5.7.23. considered insecure. and attempting to disable it The path name to a file in PEM format containing a --defaults-group-suffix=_other, This is true even if you statistics when the program exits. named_pipe_full_access_group In Oracle, the underscore _ character matches only one character, while the ampersand % is used to match zero or more occurrences of any characters. This section explains startup options for controlling replica servers. This permits for RSA key pair-based password exchange. See option. The directory where character sets are installed. It contains the numbers from 0-9, the upper and lower case English letters from A to Z, and some special characters. You can use it to check the server's If this option is option to select which interface to use for connecting to Character data types (CHAR, VARCHAR, the TEXT types, ENUM, SET, and any synonyms) can include CHARACTER SET to specify the character set whether to connect to the server using encryption and [mysqladmin] and [client] The mysql client truncates quoted strings containing NUL characters if they are not escaped, and Control+Z may be taken for END-OF-FILE on Windows if not escaped. option files. If Only the InnoDB and MyISAM storage engines support FULLTEXT indexes. mysqladmin is a client for performing This option is ignored for accounts --relative, but prints multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs. authentication plugin. --get-server-public-key. socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named (Bug #25042167) See value is a list of one or more comma-separated protocol options, see Section4.2.2.3, Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling. when the client connects to the server using a secure --user=user_name, established. Check whether the server is available. you use with mysqladmin for connecting to option was added in MySQL 5.7.23. A regular expression is a powerful way of specifying a pattern for a complex search. Thus, the next time you invoke authenticate with one of those plugins. You can call out code or a command within a sentence with single backticks. For example, if a user_name or host_name value in an account name is legal as an unquoted identifier, you need not quote it. The default value is 3600 (1 hour). The number of flush-*, Section6.1.2.1, End-User Guidelines for Password Security. This option applies only if the server was started with the groups of an option file. programs read .mylogin.cnf. On Windows, the shared-memory name to use for connections command line, use an option file. precedence over server was started. The The transport protocol to use for connecting to the server. A database in MySQL is implemented as a directory containing files that correspond to tables in the database. Sqoop is a tool designed to transfer data between Hadoop and relational databases or mainframes. The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a series of widely used free software licenses that guarantee end users the four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. For example: the following values: The number of seconds the MySQL server has been running. indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates. The client is from a version of MySQL older than MySQL 4.1, and thus does not request a character set. For example: The new password can be omitted following the The world's most popular open source database, Download operation occurs after you connect. the case when the client connects to the server using a Connect to the MySQL server on the given host. str. that the server is running but refused the connection, which This is similar to value, which enables you to avoid specifying the password on mysql_real_escape_string() calls MySQL's library function mysql_real_escape_string, which prepends backslashes to the following characters: \x00, For example: The mysqladmin status command result displays Prior to MySQL 8.0.13, DEFAULT does not apply to the BLOB, TEXT, GEOMETRY, and JSON types. mysql_config_editor utility. Section6.4.1.3, Migrating Away from Pre-4.1 Password Hashing and the mysql_old_password Tell the server to write debug information to the error log. Passwords that use the pre-4.1 hashing method are less if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is the case WITH_DEBUG. The password of the MySQL account used for connecting to the -p[password]. d:t:o,/tmp/mysqladmin.trace. The number of tables the server has opened. Trusted by more than 1000+ customer worldwide. Invoke mysqladmin like this: . PROCESSLIST. named_pipe system variable Abstract. In MySQL 8.0, the issue has been fixed by rewriting the query to select only the appropriate data files. such as Access denied, because this means create .mylogin.cnf, use the If you really want UTF-8 you should tell MySQL that you want this weird thing MySQL likes to call utf8mb4. This includes information about the Event Scheduler. clients typically overwrite the command-line password Display the server status variables and their values. If you execute mysqladmin shutdown when See D data definition language. some systems, your password becomes visible to system mysqladmin prompts for the password The permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections. variable enabled to support shared-memory connections. For example, if a user_name or host_name value in an account name is legal as an unquoted identifier, you need not quote it. character set. file is read in all cases, if it exists. -h host_name. To kill threads belonging to other users, the connected user that authenticate with the status programs such as ps that may be user making the connection must be a member of the Windows file_name is not an absolute path (Bug #29210990, Bug #93875) Keyring memory management was improved. The connected user must have the method and should be avoided. debug_options string is slow. depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. default value is 43200 (12 hours). current, 8.0 For information about option files default but can be disabled. delay seconds in between. marks. interpreted as part of the password. case-sensitive. newer password format. Show a list of active server threads. If you provide an argument to the help command, mysql uses it as a search string to access server-side help from the contents of the MySQL Reference Manual. --server-public-key-path See the server. system variable. For example, If sha256_password or For additional information about this and other option-file Set a new password. See Following the flush-logs command, mysqladmin supports the following options, This Flush all tables and close and open log files. mysqladmin should not prompt for one, use the next argument is taken as the password. .mylogin.cnf login path file. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). names. there must be no space between format. server if possible. (See used by MySQL programs, see Section4.2.2.2, Using Option Files. the mysqladmin command line. The shared-memory name is Get high-speed and secured web hosting service. Do not ask for confirmation for the drop login path is an option group containing command interpreter, you need to enclose it within quotation new_password for the account that Show warnings resulting from execution of statements sent to applies to clients that authenticate with the If a database name contains special characters, the name for the database directory contains encoded versions of those characters as described in --password[=password], Note that MySQL does not speak the same language as everyone else. line to re-enable the grant tables because the flush Several objects within GRANT statements are subject to quoting, although quoting is optional in many cases: Account, database, table, column, and routine names. However, quotation marks are necessary to specify a user_name string containing ASCII is a 7-bit character set containing 128 characters. --no-defaults can be used AUTO_INCREMENT applies only to integer and floating-point types. using the same account, you must specify the new password. name. The --sleep option. This changes the password to HTML Entities. Japanese, Section5.1.11.2, DNS Lookups and the Host Cache, Section6.1.2.4, Password Hashing in MySQL, Section13.7.5.29, SHOW PROCESSLIST Statement, Section10.15, Character Set Configuration, Section4.2.6, Connection Compression Control, Section6.2.13, Pluggable Authentication, Section4.2.2.3, Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling, Section6.4.1.6, Client-Side Cleartext Pluggable Authentication, Section6.4.1.4, Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication, Section4.6.6, mysql_config_editor MySQL Configuration Utility, Section6.1.2.1, End-User Guidelines for Password Security, Section4.2.5, Connection Transport Protocols, Section6.4.1.3, Migrating Away from Pre-4.1 Password Hashing and the mysql_old_password They can be created only from CHAR, VARCHAR, and TEXT columns. (SystemV Unix systems and running, 1 if it is not. Before MySQL 5.7.5, this option is enabled by help [arg], \h [arg], \? shared_memory system This option is available only if MySQL was built using Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. mysqladmin waits until the server's process connecting to a local server using a Unix socket file, (Prior to MySQL 8.0.4, MySQL used Henry Spencer's implementation of regular expressions, which operates in byte-wise fashion and is not multibyte safe. Some characters are reserved in HTML. See mysqladmin is a client for performing administrative operations. The default Write a debugging log. The With Web Hosting Services. The license was the first copyleft for general use and was originally written by the founder of the Free Software Foundation (FSF), Richard Stallman, for the GNU Project. rather than single quotation marks; single quotation marks For functions that take length arguments, noninteger arguments are rounded to the nearest integer. For sha256_password, this option applies Show the difference between the current and previous values (See Otherwise, On a computer having multiple network interfaces, use this d:t:o,file_name. The directory in which to look for plugins. passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command MySQL release Enable the mysql_clear_password cleartext given as The default is one time. built using this option. If a count mysqladmin executes commands indefinitely On Windows, connect to the server using a named pipe. --count is not given, If multiple thread ID values are given, refresh, and reload Delete the database named db_name Use charset_name as the default SHOW FULL In MySQL 8.0.21 and later, this can optionally be specified explicitly using FORMAT=TREE; formats other than TREE remain unsupported. The first part of Windows-1252 (entity numbers from 0-127) is the original ASCII character-set. Section4.2.5, Connection Transport Protocols. --skip-grant-tables option. value is given, it indicates the number of times to retry. commands the server has executed. This contains spaces or other characters that are special to your MySQL named_pipe_full_access_group These correspond to the log types --password= or For TCP/IP connections, the port number to use. Plugin, Section6.4.1.5, SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication, Command Options for Encrypted Connections, Section6.3.2, Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers, Use specified network interface to connect to MySQL Server, Compress all information sent between client and server, Number of seconds before connection timeout, Number of iterations to make for repeated command execution, Print debugging information when program exits, Print debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits, Read named option file in addition to usual option files, Read login path options from .mylogin.cnf, Password to use when connecting to server, Connect to server using named pipe (Windows only), Show the difference between the current and previous values when used with the --sleep option, Do not send passwords to server in old (pre-4.1) format, Path name to file containing RSA public key, Shared-memory name for shared-memory connections (Windows only), The maximum number of seconds to wait for server shutdown, Execute commands repeatedly, sleeping for delay seconds in between, Unix socket file or Windows named pipe to use, File that contains list of trusted SSL Certificate Authorities, Directory that contains trusted SSL Certificate Authority certificate files, Permissible ciphers for connection encryption, File that contains certificate revocation lists, Directory that contains certificate revocation-list files, Desired security state of connection to server, Verify host name against server certificate Common Name identity, Permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections, MySQL user name to use when connecting to server, Print query output rows vertically (one line per column value), If the connection cannot be established, wait and retry instead of aborting. 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